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991.
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993.
Chata A. Dickson Rebecca P. F. MacDonald Renee Mansfield Paulo Guilhardi Cammarie Johnson William H. Ahearn 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2014,44(1):65-74
We investigated the social validity of the NECC Core Skills Assessment (NECC-CSA) with parents and professionals as participants. The NECC-CSA is a measurement tool consisting of direct and indirect measures of skills important to all individuals with autism, across the lifespan. Participants (N = 245) were provided with a list of 66 skills, 47 of which were Core Skills from the NECC-CSA, and were asked to indicate which items they considered to be foundational. Participants endorsed items from the NECC-CSA as foundational skills, more than they endorsed the other items. Differences between parents and professionals are described and detailed with respect to individual assessment items. The NECC-CSA consists of socially validated skills that can be taken as a starting point for programs of instruction for individuals with ASDs. 相似文献
994.
Mahesh P Kate Mikkel B Hansen Kim Mouridsen Leif ?stergaard Victor Choi Bronwen E Gould Rebecca McCourt Michael D Hill Andrew M Demchuk Shelagh B Coutts Dariush Dowlatshahi Derek J Emery Brian H Buck Kenneth S Butcher 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2014,34(1):81-86
Blood pressure (BP) reduction after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is controversial, because of concerns that this may cause critical reductions in perihematoma perfusion and thereby precipitate tissue damage. We tested the hypothesis that BP reduction reduces perihematoma tissue oxygenation.Acute ICH patients were randomized to a systolic BP target of <150 or <180 mm Hg. Patients underwent CT perfusion (CTP) imaging 2 hours after randomization. Maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF), maximum oxygen extraction fraction (OEFmax), and the resulting maximum cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2max) permitted by local hemodynamics, were calculated from raw CTP data.Sixty-five patients (median (interquartile range) age 70 (20)) were imaged at a median (interquartile range) time from onset to CTP of 9.8 (13.6) hours. Mean OEFmax was elevated in the perihematoma region (0.44±0.12) relative to contralateral tissue (0.36±0.11; P<0.001). Perihematoma CMRO2max (3.40±1.67 mL/100 g per minute) was slightly lower relative to contralateral tissue (3.63±1.66 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.025). Despite a significant difference in systolic BP between the aggressive (140.5±18.7 mm Hg) and conservative (163.0±10.6 mm Hg; P<0.001) treatment groups, perihematoma CBF was unaffected (37.2±11.9 versus 35.8±9.6 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.307). Similarly, aggressive BP treatment did not affect perihematoma OEFmax (0.43±0.12 versus 0.45±0.11; P=0.232) or CMRO2max (3.16±1.66 versus 3.68±1.85 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.857). Blood pressure reduction does not affect perihematoma oxygen delivery. These data support the safety of early aggressive BP treatment in ICH. 相似文献
995.
Levels of Text Comprehension in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): The Influence of Language Phenotype 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rebecca Lucas Courtenay Frazier Norbury 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2014,44(11):2756-2768
Many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have reading comprehension difficulties, but the level of processing at which comprehension is most vulnerable and the influence of language phenotype on comprehension skill is currently unclear. We explored comprehension at sentence and passage levels across language phenotypes. Children with ASD and age-appropriate language skills (n = 25) demonstrated similar syntactic and semantic facilitation to typically developing peers. In contrast, few children with ASD and language impairments (n = 25) could read beyond the single word level. Those who could read sentences benefited from semantic coherence, but were less sensitive to syntactic coherence. At the passage level, the strongest predictor of comprehension was vocabulary knowledge. This emphasizes that the intimate relationship between language competence and both decoding skill and comprehension is evident at the sentence, as well as the passage level, for children with ASD. 相似文献
996.
Neville R. Dossabhoy Steven Turley Rebecca Gascoyne Mihaly Tapolyai Karina Sulaiman 《Renal failure》2014,36(7):1033-1037
There are limited data on total dose infusion (TDI) using iron dextran in geriatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Our goal was to evaluate the safety of TDI in this setting. We conducted a retrospective chart review spanning a 5 year period (2002–2007), including all patients with CKD and IDA who were treated with iron dextran TDI. Patient demographics were noted, and laboratory values for creatinine, hemoglobin and iron stores were recorded pre- and post-dose. TDI diluted in normal saline was administered intravenously over 4-6 hours after an initial test dose. One hundred fifty-three patients received a total of 250 doses of TDI (mean?±?SD?=?971?±?175?mg); age was 69?±?12 years and creatinine 3.3?±?1.9?mg/dL. All stages of CKD were represented (stage 4 commonest). Hemoglobin and iron stores improved post-TDI (P?0.001). None of the patients experienced an anaphylactic reaction or death. Adverse events (AEs) were noted in 8 out of 250 administered doses (3.2%). The most common AEs were itching, chills and back pain. One hundred and ten doses of high molecular weight (HMW) iron dextran produced 6 AEs (5.45%), whereas 140 doses of low molecular weight (LMW) iron dextran produced 2 AEs (1.43%), a non-significant trend (P?=?0.1433 by Fishers Exact Test). Iron dextran TDI is relatively safe and effective in correcting IDA in geriatric CKD patients. Fewer AEs were noted with the LMW compared to the HMW product. LMW iron dextran given as TDI can save both cost and time, helping to alleviate issues of non-compliance and patient scheduling. 相似文献
997.
Juliette M. Mott Sasha Mondragon Natalie E. Hundt Melissa Beason‐Smith Rebecca H. Grady Ellen J. Teng 《Journal of traumatic stress》2014,27(3):265-273
This retrospective chart‐review study examined patient‐level correlates of initiation and completion of evidence‐based psychotherapy (EBP) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among treatment‐seeking U.S. veterans. We identified all patients (N = 796) in a large Veterans Affairs PTSD and anxiety clinic who attended at least 1 individual psychotherapy appointment with 1 of 8 providers trained in EBP. Within this group, 91 patients (11.4%) began EBP (either Cognitive Processing Therapy or Prolonged Exposure) and 59 patients (7.9%) completed EBP. The medical records of all EBP patients (n = 91) and a provider‐matched sample of patients who received another form of individual psychotherapy (n = 66) were reviewed by 4 independent raters. Logistic regression analyses revealed that Iraq and Afghanistan veterans were less likely to begin EBP than veterans from other service eras, OR = 0.48, 95% CI = [0.24, 0.94], and veterans who were service connected for PTSD were more likely than veterans without service connection to begin EBP, OR = 2.33, 95% CI = [1.09, 5.03]. Among those who began EBP, Iraq and Afghanistan veteran status, OR = 0.09, 95% CI = [0.03, 0.30], and a history of psychiatric inpatient hospitalization, OR = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.03, 0.54], were associated with decreased likelihood of EBP completion. 相似文献
998.
Rebecca Fraynt Leslie Ross Bruce L. Baker Ida Rystad Janet Lee Ernestine C. Briggs 《Journal of traumatic stress》2014,27(1):66-73
Keeping traditionally underrepresented children and their families engaged in treatment until completion is a major challenge for many community‐based mental health clinics. The current study used data collected as part of the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set to examine whether racial/ethnic disparities exist in treatment duration and completion in children seeking treatment for trauma exposure. We then explored whether disparities persist after accounting for other variables associated with children's social contexts and the treatment setting. The sample included 562 ethnically diverse children receiving services from a child abuse prevention and treatment agency in Southern California. The results indicated that African American children had significantly shorter trauma‐informed treatment duration and higher rates of premature termination than Spanish‐speaking Latino children. These disparities persisted even with other variables associated with treatment duration and completion (e.g., child's age, level of functional impairment, and receipt of group and field services) in the model. Implications and future directions for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
999.
Thomas Krebs Michael Boettcher Hansjörg Schäfer Georg Eschenburg Katharina Wenke Birgit Appl Beate Roth Thomas Andreas Carla Schmitz Rebecca Fahje Birthe Jacobsen Bastian Tiemann Konrad Reinshagen Kurt Hecher Robert Bergholz 《Surgical endoscopy》2014,28(8):2437-2442
Background
The pathogenesis of intestinal dysmotility in gastroschisis is not completely understood. Peel formation and disorganization of interstitial Cajal cells (ICC) have been proposed in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of prenatal coverage of gastroschisis on gut inflammation and expression of ICC in a fetal lamb model.Methods
Twenty-one German blackhead sheep with an abdominal wall defect that was created fetoscopically on day 77 of 145 days gestation were used in this study. Intrauterine surgery with the aim to cover the defect was performed 3 weeks later; two fetuses were covered completely, 5 partially and 11 remained uncovered. Three fetuses without gastroschisis were used as controls. All fetuses were retrieved by cesarean section at day 135. Samples of the small intestine were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic analysis of peel formation and serosal and muscular thickness. For ICC detection, immunohistochemistry using anti-CD117 (c-Kit) antibody was used.Results
In all samples with exposure to amniotic fluid, peel formation and significantly decreased ICC were found. Complete coverage reduced peel formation and disorganization of ICC compared to uncovered animals almost to the level of controls.Conclusions
Peel formation and ICC derangement were significantly reduced by prenatal coverage of gastroschisis. Moreover, this animal model mimics the histopathological bowel changes as seen in human gastroschisis and may, therefore, be used for further research on the pathophysiology and fetal therapy of this malformation. 相似文献1000.
Dimitrios Stefanidis Paul Montero David R. Urbach Alia Qureshi Kyle Perry Sharon L. Bachman Atul Madan Rebecca Petersen Aurora D. Pryor 《Surgical endoscopy》2014,28(10):2763-2771